Biology's Biggest Unanswered Question Answered !  

A Herring Gull Chick Taps the Red Spot on Its Mother’s Beak. 

 

The Mother Then Regurgitates Fish She Has Caught – So the Chick Can Eat and Survive.

 

Source: http://www.the-piedpiper.co.uk/th9d%281%29.htm

( A BBC video showing this happening is here: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p007xvj5)

 

They  don't  know   it,  but  they've  just  asked 

Biology's Biggest unanswered question...

 

How Does the Chick Know about Tapping Her Mother's Beak? 

And How Does the Mother Know About Regurgitating Food for Her Chick?  

If the chick doesn’t tap, it starves. If the mother doesn’t regurgitate, the chick starves. BOTH BEHAVIOURS had to appear at exactly the same time. How did it happen?  

INSTINCT, yes! But...

The New Book

how does instinct evolve ?

  Answers the question.  

How did this Instinct start? And how did it get into the Bird?

THIS MAY WELL BE THE MOST STARTLING AND EYE-OPENING COLLECTION OF SCIENTIFIC FACTS YOU HAVE EVER READ...

After all...

Whoever heard of a new-born baby making a 3000+ mile journey home – on its own? Underwater,at that!

That's exactly what young eels do. 

Their parents migrate from rivers in Europe 3000+ miles south and southwest, down the west coast of Africa , then turn right and swim to the Sargasso Sea. 

They spawn there, THEN THEY ALL DIE, AND NEVER RETURN to Europe.

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eel_life_history

The young eels then swim home to Europe , which is 3000+ miles away. With no guides, and with no adults to lead them home.

How can they possibly manage such a gigantic feat? INSTINCT is the only available answer.

But how did the instinct start? And how did it get into the fish in the first place?

It had to be there - perfectly formed from the word ‘go’ – or eels would be extinct too!

They HAVE to get to freshwater – there’s none in the Atlantic Ocean - or they would never reach sexual maturity. The species would perish. 

So if the navigational instinct was in error, they would swim till they died in salt water, in the Falklands , the Azores, the Arctic Ocean or some other unsuitable place.

That they would become ‘extinct’ is probably not too strong a description.

Those are just two of the many startling illustrations of instinct in action found in this book. They are beautiful, bizarre, and unbelievably complex – and highly capable and truly conscientious scientists have serious problems accounting for the origin of any one of them.

In every case as you will see, if the instinct is absent, or imperfect, species  extinction would immediately follow.

HOWEVER, AND THIS IS THE ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY MADE AND DETAILED IN THIS REMARKABLE BOOK:

 

WITHOUT INSTINCT, LIFE ITSELF WOULD BE IMPOSSIBLE.

Not only virtuoso displays of startling behaviour like those above, but EVERY SINGLE FUNCTION, of EVERY SINGLE LIVING CELL, in EVERY LIVING ORGANISM depends absolutely on instinct for its survival.

Scientists argue about how legs, wings, lungs and every other organ could have originated. Did birds’ wings come from from reptile forelimbs? Did feathers develop from scales? Did fish develop legs and walk on land? 

It doesn't matter in the slightest now that this discovery is published.

Can a single discovery  uproot a major scientific theory?

This happens from time to time. Here's an example:

A very recent discovery (published in the January 2010 issue of Nature – one of the most prestigious scientific journals on the planet) showed that a major plank of the theory of how  four-limbed animals originated (called Tiktaalik) was totally mistaken. Tracks of four-limbed animals 18,000,000 years OLDER than Tiktaalik were found!

But did that affect the authors' opinions about the evolution of tetrapods? Not at all. That would be too much to expect.

Source: Tiktaalik illustration by National Science Foundation's Zina Deretsky

The Law of Asynctropy, first formally stated in this book, makes all such arguments highly suspect...

It is the most powerful and constructive accounting for the instinctive behaviour shown by all living organisms.

Take Respiration as the most important example possible.

If an organism cannot respire, then it cannot live. That is how important Respiration really is. Today, we can possibly mix all of the chemicals found in any respiratory cycle in a test tube. But respiration will not take place. 

The powering instinct is absent, the driving force is missing.

That simple fact has huge spin-off consequences for theories about existence of life itself, and for any theory of origins, which are drawn out in full in the text.

Instinct crosses the barrier of death, somehow

As in the case of the eels, there are innumerable examples where the parents die, and the offspring do the same marvellous things that the parents did, WITHOUT EVER SEEING THEM! The young of the Yucca moth (Tegeticula spp) do just that. Full details are in the book. But the author says:

"Without the moth, the yucca species will perish. Without the yucca, the moth will perish. Each is entirely dependent on the other for its survival, because the moth lives on no other plant, and the plant is not fertilised by any other insects. 

No moth, no yucca. No yucca, no moth."

 

http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/96/8696-004-F16F4A86.jpg

Source: http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/96/8696-004-F16F4A86.jpg

Just as remarkably, a wasp (Eumenes spp) somehow knows the gender of its young before it collects food for it to eat when it hatches! The young hasn't hatched yet!

 

  

Source: http://www.metafysica.nl/nature/insect/thieme228_5_6_7.jpg

Henri Fabre, the famous discoverer of this wonderful behaviour, had this to say:

"But the egg is laid when the provisions are stored; and this egg has a determined sex, though the most minute examination is not able to discover the differences which will decide the hatching of a female or a male.

We are therefore needs driven to this strange conclusion: the mother knows beforehand the sex of the egg which she is about to lay; and this knowledge allows her to fill the larder according to the appetite of the future grub."

And she provides an escape route for her larva if the prey gets too frisky in the mud igloo the mother somehow knows how to build!

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potter_wasp

And just to add more fuel to the fire, the mother anaesthetises the grubs it catches for the young – why? So the young wasp can have fresh food to eat.

She then dies. 

So the young wasp never sees its parents – but goes on to do exactly the same things the parents did!

The naturalist (Henri Fabre,above) who first made these observations was stunned at the ingenuity displayed – but this is not intelligence, but instinct in action.

And we’re back to the original problem. 

How did this instinct originate? And an even more difficult question, how did it ever enter the genome? (Assuming, of course, that it is located there. If it isn’t, then the problems become even more horrendous than they are already).

Again notice – if the instinct was absent or incomplete in any way, then the species would have perished immediately it first appeared on the planet. If the young couldn’t feed, then a single generation was all that could ever have existed.

If it only had poisonous rotting food, it would perish – and without training in anaesthetics – the mother is able to inject a non-lethal, paralysing dose of venom into the grubs which are going to be eaten by the young wasp.

And all of that so far, is meaningless without the igloo-like nest  she builds. Without it, the young would have to forage for itself, the food grubs would scatter to the four winds, and the wasp species would be extinct.

The full development of this concept is given in the text.

So far, we have only mentioned examples from the animal world.

 The Plant Kingdom presents no smaller problems.

One of the very biggest problems for theories of origin, is that plants seem to ‘act’ with 'purpose'. This is most obvious in the reproduction of plants (and animals, as shown in the Section on ‘Reproduction’ in the text).

That wonderful, and extremely common species called Vallisneria can be a pest because of its reproductive success. But the way it reproduces is simply mind-blowing. 

The female flower - UNDERWATER! – produces a stigma which grows up to the surface of the water, and there it produces a substance which creates a small depression in the water round it. 

The author comments on the difficulty of underwater plants evolving:

"This immediately presents origin theory with a major problem. Land plants cannot survive underwater – they die of suffocation, because the roots cannot obtain oxygen, the leaves cannot function in the reduced light, and the saturation of the leaves with water, prevents diffusion of oxygen out of the spongy mesophyll and carbon dioxide in. The plant drowns, basically."

The male flower .... well, you’ll just have to read the book, as that would be giving the wonderful game away!

http://www.tank-aquarium.com/upl/Image/vallisneria_gigantea2.jpg

http://www.tank-aquarium.com/upl/Image/vallisneria_gigantea2.jpg

There are other huge problems too. The second biggest, is the fact that the land plants we see everywhere are supposed to have descended from the algae (like the seaweeds). How did they get on to land and survive? The process as one theorist says ‘must have been very difficult’! So true!

Plants produce roots, which normally grow downwards into the soil and shoots which grow upwards. They could have done the exact oposite – and perished. 

But look carefully, and you'll notice that these mangrove roots, growing in liquid mud on the sea shores, grow UPWARDS in order to breathe. How did the powering instinct for that unique piece of behaviour originate?

 

 http://naturallyours.blogspot.com/2008/12/41-bao-ka-liao-semakau-post.html

What makes them do this? Instinct. And how did that originate and enter the genome?

The flowering plants appear with amazing abruptness in the fossil record. Darwin rightly called their appearance ‘that abominable mystery’. 

That mystery still persists, and the instinctive behaviour of plants is an embarrassment to the botanists. Why do so many plants produce flowers, with pollen and ovaries, nectar, perfume and colours?  

 

Source: http://www.public.asu.edu/~ickpl/songs/images/rose.jpg

Instinctively, in order to reproduce. Instinctively – because they do not learn how to do so – it is unlearned behaviour,inbuilt into them, and that is a definition of instinct. But where does it come from, and how did it enter the genome?

This remarkable plant (the Bucket Orchid) is described in the text. It is truly unbelievable what happens, and Darwin himself didn't believe the account until he had verified the fact that the report came from a very competent botanist. Find out for yourself why he was so stunned.

 

source: http://quilting-and-other-stuff.blogspot.com/2010/04/orchid-update.html

We could go on, drawing wonderful example after wonderful example from the text, and from Nature. But you owe it to yourself to read it.

Read it, and ask your friends, teachers and professors to comment on and explain these facts.  Make sure they get a complimentary copy.

Didn't you ever sit in Biology classes and wonder: How did that happen by itself? 

Are you tired of the failure of conventional biology to produce convincing explanations for how these things could have occurred? 

Do you need examples to stimulate exciting conversations?  

Share these facts and concepts with your children. They will be as fascinated as you will be when you read about these marvellous behaviours.

These facts will amaze, astonish and perplex you. The question of how they originated will haunt you as it haunted Darwin.

You may not agree with the author's conclusions, but it is very difficult to gainsay the arguments scientifically. The facts are beyond dispute, and very well-attested by many, many competent researchers.

It is written in a non-technical way, so everyone - from the merely interested to the technical people - can grasp it with no trouble at all.

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